Sandwich, Ontario (1851 census)
Sandwich was a census subdivision in Essex County, Ontario, recorded in the 1851 Census of Canada with a population of 4,928. The administrative centroid was at approximately 42.255°N, 82.983°W.
Population
In 1851, Sandwich had a population of 4,928: 2,563 male and 2,365 female residents. Population density was 39.5 people per square mile.
Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)
Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.
Later boundary forms
- In a later year, this CSD contained Sandwich W-O, 1861 (33.8% of this CSD's polygon).
- In a later year, this CSD contained Sandwich E, 1861 (60.3% of this CSD's polygon).
- In a later year, this CSD contained Sandwich, Town—Ville, 1861 (3.6% of this CSD's polygon).
- In a later year, this CSD contained Windsor, Town—Ville, 1861 (2.3% of this CSD's polygon).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1851
In the 1851 census, Sandwich shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1851
The 1851 census recorded 374 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 8 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (31 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| C10 FAM NO | 883 |
| Female members of the family who are absent | 43 |
| Female members of the family who are present | 2,208 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 157 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 2,334 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 47 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 229 |
| Number of blind females | 2 |
| Number of deaf and dumb females | 1 |
| Number of deaf and dumb males | 7 |
| Number of families | 883 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 92 |
| Number of females | 2,365 |
| Number of females attending school | 318 |
| Number of lunatic females | 3 |
| Number of lunatic males | 6 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 101 |
| Number of males | 2,563 |
| Number of males attending school | 374 |
| Number of married females | 775 |
| Number of married males | 778 |
| Number of persons at sea | 2 |
| Number of single females | 1,477 |
| Number of single males | 1,717 |
| Number of widowed females | 113 |
| Number of widowed males | 68 |
| POP | 4,928 |
| POP FX N.1 | 2,365 |
| POP MX N.1 | 2,563 |
| POP XX N.1 | 4,928 |
| Total population | 4,928 |
Age structure (57 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 71 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 78 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 84 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 74 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 338 |
| Number of females under age 1 | 81 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 87 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 96 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 83 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 76 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 349 |
| Number of males under age 1 | 90 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 25 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 305 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 191 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 138 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 84 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 28 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 4 |
| Number of married males aged 15 to 20 | 1 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 170 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 238 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 151 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 123 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 76 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 18 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 306 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 250 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 152 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 30 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 10 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 9 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 90 to 100 | 2 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 326 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 266 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 255 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 43 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 25 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 10 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 9 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 10 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 13 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 24 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 34 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 23 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 5 |
| Number of widowed males aged 20 to 30 | 5 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 7 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 18 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 15 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 9 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 10 |
| Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90 | 4 |
Ethnic origin (19 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of female negroes or coloured persons | 214 |
| Number of French Canadians | 2,766 |
| Number of Indigenous females | 2 |
| Number of Indigenous males | 7 |
| Number of male negroes or coloured persons | 193 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 828 |
| Number of persons originating in all other places | 10 |
| Number of persons originating in Austria or Hungary | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 319 |
| Number of persons originating in France | 21 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 390 |
| Number of persons originating in New Brunswick | 3 |
| Number of persons originating in Russia, Prussia, or Poland | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 51 |
| Number of persons originating in Switzerland | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in the East Indies | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 521 |
| Number of persons originating in the West Indies | 1 |
| Number of persons whose origin is unknown | 12 |
Agriculture (71 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 116 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 128 |
| Acres of corn | 1,182 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens or orchards | 415 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 7,841 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 28,352 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 6,350 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 14,606 |
| Acres of land in farms | 42,958 |
| Acres of oats | 2,460 |
| Acres of peas | 102 |
| Acres of potatoes | 240 |
| Acres of rye | 49 |
| Acres of turnips | 13 |
| Acres of wheat | 1,486 |
| BAR AC | 116 |
| BAR BU | 1,642 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 578 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 2,253 |
| BEEF BAR | 578 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 1,642 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 36 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 1,495 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 182 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 3 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 21,014 |
| Bushels of mangel wurtzel produced in the past year | 93 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 41,222 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 1,221 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 10,117 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 575 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 1,190 |
| Bushels of wheat produced in the past year | 12,725 |
| BWT AC | 128 |
| BWT BU | 1,495 |
| CRN AC | 1,182 |
| CRN BU | 21,014 |
| Gallons of cider produced in the past year | 13,605 |
| HAY TONS | 3,443 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 1,086 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 1,217 |
| Number of horses | 1,776 |
| Number of milk cows | 1,424 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 595 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 31 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 85 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 102 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 198 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 30 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 149 |
| Number of sheep | 3,975 |
| Number of swine | 3,758 |
| OAT AC | 2,460 |
| OAT BU | 41,222 |
| PEA AC | 102 |
| PEA BU | 1,221 |
| PORK BAR | 2,253 |
| POT AC | 240 |
| POT BU | 10,117 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 15,896 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 31,693 |
| Pounds of hops produced in the past year | 1 |
| Pounds of tobacco produced in the past year | 2,282 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 7,760 |
| RYE AC | 49 |
| RYE BU | 575 |
| TOB LBS | 2,282 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 3,443 |
| WHT AC | 1,486 |
| WHT BU | 12,725 |
| WOOL LBS | 7,760 |
Manufacturing & industry (21 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Barrels of flour produced per day by grist mills reporting daily production | 66 |
| Number of breweries | 1 |
| Number of breweries not reporting | 1 |
| Number of employees in grist mills | 6 |
| Number of employees in saw mills | 2 |
| Number of grist mills | 5 |
| Number of grist mills powered by steam | 1 |
| Number of grist mills powered by water | 4 |
| Number of grist mills reporting daily production | 3 |
| Number of grist mills reporting value of annual production or rent | 2 |
| Number of grist mills returning capital | 5 |
| Number of saw mills | 1 |
| Number of saw mills powered by water | 1 |
| Number of saw mills reporting value of annual production or rent | 1 |
| Number of saw mills returning capital | 1 |
| Value of annual production or rent from grist mills (pounds sterling) | 75 |
| Value of annual production or rent from saw mills (pounds sterling) | 25 |
| Value of capital returned by grist mills (pounds sterling) | 800 |
| Value of capital returned by saw mills (pounds sterling) | 125 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 2,427 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 1,028 |
Fisheries (1 variable)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Barrels of cured fish produced in the past year | 33,655 |
Deaths & mortality (18 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 15 to 20 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 20 to 30 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 27 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 11 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 15 to 20 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 40 to 50 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 15 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 10 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 42 |
Other recorded variables (156 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| AT AND HU | 1 |
| AT SEA | 2 |
| B LBS | 31,693 |
| BEN BU | 36 |
| BOV | 1,086 |
| C F BAR | 33,655 |
| C H | 1,217 |
| C LBS | 15,896 |
| C01 SEX MALE | 2,563 |
| C02 SEX FEM | 2,365 |
| C03 TOTAL | 4,928 |
| C04 MEM OF FAM M | 2,334 |
| C05 MEM OF FAM F | 2,208 |
| C06 NOT MEM OF FAM M | 229 |
| C07 NOT MEM OF FAM F | 157 |
| C08 MEM OF FAM ABSENT M | 47 |
| C09 MEM OF FAM ABSENT F | 43 |
| C100 BTWN 80 AND 90 M WID | 4 |
| C104 BTWN 80 AND 90 M DEATHS | 4 |
| C110 BTWN 90 AND 100 F S | 2 |
| C12 BIRTHS M | 101 |
| C126 MD MALE | 778 |
| C127 S MALE | 1,717 |
| C128 WID MALE | 68 |
| C129 TOT MALE | 2,563 |
| C13 BIRTHS F | 92 |
| C130 MD FEM | 775 |
| C131 S FEM | 1,477 |
| C132 WID FEM | 113 |
| C133 TOT FEM | 2,365 |
| C134 GRAND TOT | 4,928 |
| C135 DEATHS M | 15 |
| C136 DEATHS F | 27 |
| C137 DEATHS TOT | 42 |
| C139 INDIANS M | 7 |
| C14 UNDER 1 M | 90 |
| C140 INDIANS F | 2 |
| C141 COL PERSON M | 193 |
| C142 COL PERSONS F | 214 |
| C143 ATTND SCHOOL M | 374 |
| C144 ATTND SCHOOL F | 318 |
| C145 DEAF AND DUMB M | 7 |
| C146 DEAF AND DUMB F | 1 |
| C148 BLIND F | 2 |
| C149 LUNATICS M | 6 |
| C15 UNDER 1 F | 81 |
| C150 LUNATICS F | 3 |
| C16 DEATHS UNDER 1 M | 10 |
| C17 DEATHS UNDER 1 F | 11 |
| C18 UNDER 2 M | 87 |
| C19 UNDER 2 F | 78 |
| C20 DEATHS UNDER 2 M | 1 |
| C21 DEATHS UNDER 2 F | 2 |
| C22 UNDER 3 M | 96 |
| C23 UNDER 3 F | 84 |
| C26 UNDER 4 M | 83 |
| C27 UNDER 4 F | 71 |
| C30 UNDER 5 M | 76 |
| C31 UNDER 5 F | 74 |
| C34 BTWN 5 AND 10 M | 349 |
| C35 BTWN 5 AND 10 F | 338 |
| C39 BTWN 10 AND 15 M S | 326 |
| C41 BTWN 10 AND 15 F S | 306 |
| C44 BTWN 15 AND 20 M MD | 1 |
| C45 BTWN 15 AND 20 M S | 266 |
| C46 BTWN 15 AND 20 F MD | 25 |
| C47 BTWN 15 AND 20 F S | 250 |
| C48 BTWN 15 AND 20 M DEATHS | 1 |
| C49 BTWN 15 AND 20 F DEATHS | 2 |
| C50 BTWN 20 AND 30 M MD | 170 |
| C51 BTWN 20 AND 30 M S | 255 |
| C52 BTWN 20 AND 30 M WID | 5 |
| C53 BTWN 20 AND 30 F MD | 305 |
| C54 BTWN 20 AND 30 F S | 152 |
| C55 BTWN 20 AND 30 F WID | 10 |
| C57 BTWN 20 AND 30 F DEATHS | 3 |
| C58 BTWN 30 AND 40 M MD | 238 |
| C59 BTWN 30 AND 40 M S | 43 |
| C60 BTWN 30 AND 40 M WID | 7 |
| C61 BTWN 30 AND 40 F MD | 191 |
| C62 BTWN 30 AND 40 F S | 30 |
| C63 BTWN 30 AND 40 F WID | 13 |
| C64 BTWN 30 AND 40 M DEATHS | 1 |
| C65 BTWN 30 AND 40 F DEATHS | 1 |
| C66 BTWN 40 AND 50 M MD | 151 |
| C67 BTWN 40 AND 50 M S | 25 |
| C68 BTWN 40 AND 50 M WID | 18 |
| C69 BTWN 40 AND 50 F MD | 138 |
| C70 BTWN 40 AND 50 F S | 10 |
| C71 BTWN 40 AND 50 F WID | 24 |
| C72 BTWN 40 AND 50 M DEATHS | 1 |
| C74 BTWN 50 AND 60 M MD | 123 |
| C75 BTWN 50 AND 60 M S | 10 |
| C76 BTWN 50 AND 60 M WID | 15 |
| C77 BTWN 50 AND 60 F MD | 84 |
| C78 BTWN 50 AND 60 F S | 9 |
| C79 BTWN 50 AND 60 F WID | 34 |
| C80 BTWN 50 AND 60 M DEATHS | 1 |
| C81 BTWN 50 AND 60 F DEATHS | 1 |
| C82 BTWN 60 AND 70 M MD | 76 |
| C83 BTWN 60 AND 70 M S | 9 |
| C84 BTWN 60 AND 70 M WID | 9 |
| C85 BTWN 60 AND 70 F MD | 28 |
| C86 BTWN 60 AND 70 F S | 1 |
| C87 BTWN 60 AND 70 F WID | 23 |
| C89 BTWN 60 AND 70 F DEATHS | 3 |
| C90 BTWN 70 AND 80 M MD | 18 |
| C91 BTWN 70 AND 80 M S | 2 |
| C92 BTWN 70 AND 80 M WID | 10 |
| C93 BTWN 70 AND 80 F MD | 4 |
| C94 BTWN 70 AND 80 F S | 1 |
| C95 BTWN 70 AND 80 F WID | 5 |
| C97 BTWN 70 AND 80 F DEATHS | 2 |
| C98 BTWN 80 AND 90 M MD | 1 |
| CAR BU | 182 |
| CD NAME | Essex |
| CH | 1 |
| CID GAL | 13,605 |
| CROP | 6,350 |
| CULT | 14,606 |
| ENG WLS | 319 |
| EST IN | 1 |
| FC YRDS | 1,028 |
| FLAN YRDS | 2,427 |
| FR | 21 |
| FREN ORIG | 2,766 |
| GARDEN | 415 |
| GRA BU | 3 |
| HELD | 42,958 |
| HOP LBS | 1 |
| HORSE | 1,776 |
| IRE | 390 |
| LINE NO | 59 |
| M COWS | 1,424 |
| MW BU | 93 |
| NB | 3 |
| NOT FRN | 828 |
| NOT KNOWN | 12 |
| O 10 TO 20 | 31 |
| O 100 TO 200 | 85 |
| O 20 TO 50 | 102 |
| O 50 TO 100 | 198 |
| O OVR 200 | 30 |
| O UNDR 10 | 149 |
| OTHER PL | 10 |
| PASTURE | 7,841 |
| RU PRU PL | 1 |
| SCOT | 51 |
| SHEEP | 3,975 |
| SWINE | 3,758 |
| TOT O | 595 |
| TUR AC | 13 |
| TUR BU | 1,190 |
| US | 521 |
| WOOD | 28,352 |
| WST IN | 1 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON008008— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON008008— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1851 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Sandwich, Ontario (1851 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/sandwich-on008008-1851/.