Windham, Ontario (1891 census)
Windham was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1891 Census of Canada with a population of 4,252. The administrative centroid was at approximately 42.915°N, 80.425°W.
Population
In 1891, Windham had a population of 4,252: 2,226 male and 2,026 female residents. Population density was 37.3 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 2,900 |
| 1861 | 4,095 |
| 1871 | 4,799 |
| 1881 | 4,913 |
| 1891 | 4,252 |
| 1901 | 3,884 |
| 1911 | 3,453 |
| 1921 | 3,259 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1891
In the 1891 census, Windham shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1891
The 1891 census recorded 176 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 6 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (15 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Average size of families | 4.60 |
| FAM NO | 931 |
| Number of families | 931 |
| Number of females | 2,026 |
| Number of males | 2,226 |
| Number of married females | 819 |
| Number of married males | 819 |
| Number of married persons | 1,638 |
| Number of widowed females | 96 |
| Number of widowed males | 72 |
| Number of widowed persons | 168 |
| POP F | 2,026 |
| POP M | 2,226 |
| POP TOT | 4,252 |
| Total population | 4,252 |
Age structure (3 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of single females under 18 | 1,111 |
| Number of single males under 18 | 1,335 |
| Number of single persons under 18 | 2,446 |
Ethnic origin (2 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 3 |
| Number of persons who are not French Canadian | 4,249 |
Buildings & housing (18 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of houses | 921 |
| Number of houses built of brick | 69 |
| Number of houses built of stone | 8 |
| Number of houses built of wood | 844 |
| Number of houses of 1 room | 8 |
| Number of houses of 1 story | 640 |
| Number of houses of 11 to 15 rooms | 86 |
| Number of houses of 2 rooms | 24 |
| Number of houses of 2 stories | 279 |
| Number of houses of 3 rooms | 88 |
| Number of houses of 3 stories | 2 |
| Number of houses of 4 rooms | 120 |
| Number of houses of 5 rooms | 106 |
| Number of houses of 6 to 10 rooms | 479 |
| Number of houses of over 15 rooms | 10 |
| Number of houses under construction | 4 |
| Number of occupied houses | 921 |
| Number of uninhabited houses | 78 |
Agriculture (68 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 641 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens or orchards | 1,906 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 6,120 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 14,294 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 40,863 |
| Acres of hay crops | 6,546 |
| Acres of improved land in farms | 48,889 |
| Acres of land in farms | 63,183 |
| Acres of oats | 4,788 |
| Acres of potatoes | 602 |
| Acres of turnips | 308 |
| Acres of wheat | 6,210 |
| BAR AC | 641 |
| BAR BU | 10,556 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 10,556 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 759 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 15,956 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 2,010 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 121,721 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 87,457 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 54,271 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 46,975 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 19,428 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 589 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 107,332 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 111,623 |
| BWT BU | 15,956 |
| CRN BU | 121,721 |
| HAY AC | 6,546 |
| HAY TONS | 9,812 |
| Number of cattle killed or sold in the past year | 1,055 |
| Number of chickens | 24,465 |
| Number of ducks | 473 |
| Number of employees on farms | 6 |
| Number of farm occupants who own their land | 677 |
| Number of farm occupants who rent their land | 230 |
| Number of geese | 652 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 711 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 1,773 |
| Number of milk cows | 2,662 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 913 |
| Number of other cattle | 2,190 |
| Number of other fowl | 141 |
| Number of oxen | 81 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 101 and 200 acres | 133 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 11 and 50 acres | 202 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 51 and 100 acres | 266 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 37 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 275 |
| Number of sheep | 3,151 |
| Number of sheep slaughtered or sold | 1,781 |
| Number of swine | 6,343 |
| Number of swine slaughtered or sold | 6,389 |
| Number of turkeys | 624 |
| OAT AC | 4,788 |
| OAT BU | 87,457 |
| PEA BU | 54,271 |
| POT AC | 602 |
| POT BU | 46,975 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 271 |
| Pounds of coarse wool produced on farms in the past year | 9,647 |
| Pounds of fine wool produced on farms in the past year | 4,038 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 161,574 |
| RYE BU | 19,428 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 9,812 |
| WHT AC | 6,210 |
| WHT FALL BU | 111,623 |
| WHT SP BU | 589 |
Other recorded variables (70 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| A 101 200 | 133 |
| A 11 50 | 202 |
| A 201 PL | 37 |
| A 51 100 | 266 |
| BEN BU | 759 |
| BUTTER LB | 161,574 |
| CATTLE KS | 1,055 |
| CHEESE LB | 271 |
| CHILD AND UNMD FEM | 1,111 |
| CHILD AND UNMD MALE | 1,335 |
| CHILD AND UNMD TOT | 2,446 |
| COARSE WOOL LB | 9,647 |
| COLTS FILLIES | 711 |
| DUCKS | 473 |
| FAMILIES | 931 |
| FAMILIES AV SIZE | 4.60 |
| FINE WOOL LB | 4,038 |
| FRN CA | 3 |
| GEESE | 652 |
| GRA BU | 2,010 |
| HENS AND CHKN | 24,465 |
| HORSES OVR THREE | 1,773 |
| HOUSES | 921 |
| HOUSES B | 69 |
| HOUSES CON | 4 |
| HOUSES ELVN TO FIFTN RM | 86 |
| HOUSES FIVE RM | 106 |
| HOUSES FOUR RM | 120 |
| HOUSES ONE RM | 8 |
| HOUSES ONE STRY | 640 |
| HOUSES S | 8 |
| HOUSES SIX TO TEN RM | 479 |
| HOUSES SIXTN OVR RM | 10 |
| HOUSES THREE RM | 88 |
| HOUSES THREE STRY | 2 |
| HOUSES TWO RM | 24 |
| HOUSES TWO STRY | 279 |
| HOUSES UNINH | 78 |
| HOUSES W | 844 |
| INF 11 A | 275 |
| MD FEM | 819 |
| MD MALE | 819 |
| MD TOT | 1,638 |
| MILK COWS | 2,662 |
| NAME CD | Norfolk, North-Nord |
| OC E | 6 |
| OC F | 230 |
| OC P | 677 |
| OC TOT | 913 |
| OTHER FOWL | 141 |
| OTHER HRN CATTLE | 2,190 |
| OTHERS | 4,249 |
| SHEEP | 3,151 |
| SHEEP KS | 1,781 |
| SUP AM | 48,889 |
| SUP FOR | 14,294 |
| SUP JV | 1,906 |
| SUP PAT | 6,120 |
| SUP SC | 40,863 |
| SUP TOT | 63,183 |
| SWINE | 6,343 |
| SWINE KS | 6,389 |
| TOT DWLG OCC | 921 |
| TUR AC | 308 |
| TUR BU | 107,332 |
| TURKEY | 624 |
| WID FEM | 96 |
| WID MALE | 72 |
| WID TOT | 168 |
| WORKING OX | 81 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON097006— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON131007— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1891 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Windham, Ontario (1891 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/windham-on097006-1891/.