Cumberland, Ontario (1851 census)

Cumberland was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1851 Census of Canada with a population of 1,659. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q4210774. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.425°N, 75.385°W.

Population

In 1851, Cumberland had a population of 1,659: 979 male and 680 female residents.

Population trajectory across census years

Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).

Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1851

In the 1851 census, Cumberland shared boundaries with:

• Cambridge
• Clarence
• Gloucester
• Osgoode
• Russell

Full census record, 1851

The 1851 census recorded 142 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 6 categories.

Population & families (1851). This community's record includes 1,659 total population, 979 males, Female members of the family who are present: 928, 762 single males, 680 females, 452 single females, Males present who are not members of the family: 348, Male members of the family who are present: 332, 236 families, 212 married males, 200 married females, Male members of the family who are present: 94, 89 females attending school, 81 males attending school, Females present who are not members of the family: 51, 33 female births, Female members of the family who are absent: 32, 28 widowed females, 26 male births, 5 widowed males, 1 deaf and dumb females, 1 lunatic females. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V1T3.)

Age structure (1851). This community's record includes 207 single males aged 20 to 30, 160 single males aged 15 to 20, 98 females aged 5 to 10, 96 single males aged 10 to 15, 92 males aged 5 to 10, 83 single females aged 15 to 20, 77 married males aged 30 to 40, 77 single females aged 10 to 15, 76 married females aged 20 to 30, 49 married males aged 20 to 30, 47 married females aged 40 to 50, 42 married females aged 30 to 40, 40 single females aged 20 to 30, 38 married males aged 40 to 50, 35 males aged 1 to 2, 34 females under age 1, 34 single males aged 30 to 40, 31 females aged 1 to 2, 30 males of unknown age, 30 married males aged 50 to 60, 29 females aged 4 to 5, 28 females aged 2 to 3, 26 males aged 2 to 3, 26 males aged 4 to 5, 25 females age 3 to 4, 21 males under age 1, 19 males aged 3 to 4, 16 married females aged 50 to 60, 13 married males aged 60 to 70, 11 married females aged 15 to 20, 11 single males aged 40 to 50, 8 married females aged 60 to 70, 8 widowed females aged 40 to 50, 6 widowed females aged 50 to 60, 6 widowed females aged 70 to 80, 5 married males aged 70 to 80, 5 widowed females aged 60 to 70, 4 single females aged 30 to 40, 4 single males aged 50 to 60, 3 single females aged 40 to 50, 2 widowed females aged 30 to 40, 2 widowed males aged 40 to 50, 2 widowed males aged 60 to 70, 1 single males aged 60 to 70, 1 widowed females aged 20 to 30, 1 widowed males aged 50 to 60. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V1T3.)

Ethnic origin (1851). This community's record includes 671 persons native to Canada, not of French origin, 448 French Canadians, 402 persons originating in Ireland, 92 persons originating in Scotland, 34 persons originating in England or Wales, 6 persons originating in the United States, 4 persons whose origin is unknown, 1 persons originating in New Brunswick, 1 persons originating in Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V1T1.)

Agriculture (1851). This community's record includes 30,050 pounds of homemade butter, 23,964 acres of land in farms, 19,724 acres of farmland in woodland or forest, 15,018 bushels of oats, 11,868 bushels of potatoes, 6,851 bushels of wheat, 6,050 bushels of turnips, 4,240 acres of farmland under cultivation, 3,208 acres of farmland under crops, 2,494 pounds of wool produced on farms, 2,051 bushels of peas, 1,386 tons of hay, 1,023 acres of farmland in pasture, 990 pounds of cheese produced on farms, 970 pounds of maple sugar, 947 bushels of corn, 926 sheep, 705 acres of oats, 574 acres of wheat, 562 calves and heifers, 545 swine, 460 milk cows, 299 barrels of pork, 246 horses, 215 acres of potatoes, 211 bushels of buckwheat, 210 bulls, oxen, or steers, 185 occupants of farms, 170 acres of peas, 116 persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres, 96 barrels of beef, 68 bushels of barley, 63 bushels of beans, 54 acres of corn, 50 acres of turnips, 47 bushels of carrots, 46 persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres, 38 pounds of hops, 26 bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed, 19 persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres, 11 acres of buckwheat, 10 bushels of rye, 9 acres of farmland in gardens or orchards, 5 acres of barley, 4 persons living on farms over 200 acres, 1 acres of rye. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V2T6.)

Manufacturing & industry (1851). This community's record includes 1,448 yards of flannel, 374 yards of fulled cloth, $50 value annual production or rent from saw mills (pounds sterling), 11 employees in saw mills, 2 saw mills, 2 saw mills powered by water, 1 saw mills not reporting, 1 saw mills reporting value of annual production or rent. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V2T6; V2T7.)

Deaths & mortality (1851). This community's record includes 11 total number of deaths, Deaths in the past year among males of all ages: 6, Deaths in the past year among females of all ages: 5, Deaths in the past year among females under age 1: 3, Deaths in the past year among males under age 1: 2, Deaths in the past year among females aged 20 to 30: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 50 to 60: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80: 1, Deaths in the past year among males of unknown age: 1. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V1T3.)

Identifiers

• TCP UID: ON034001 — year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file
• Persistent place ID: PLACE_ON143003 — computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years
• Wikidata: Q4210774
• Wikipedia (EN): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumberland,_Ontario

Sources

Census tabulations from the 1851 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.

Cite this page

Clifford, J. (2026). "Cumberland, Ontario (1851 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/cumberland-on034001-1851/.