Cumberland, Ontario (1881 census)
Cumberland was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1881 Census of Canada with a population of 3,535. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q4210774. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.425°N, 75.385°W.
Population
In 1881, Cumberland had a population of 3,535: 1,833 male and 1,702 female residents.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 1,659 |
| 1861 | 2,609 |
| 1871 | 2,922 |
| 1881 | 3,535 |
| 1891 | 4,014 |
| 1901 | 4,198 |
| 1911 | 4,033 |
| 1921 | 4,163 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1881
In the 1881 census, Cumberland shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1881
The 1881 census recorded 33 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 4 categories.
Population & families (1881). This community's record includes 3,535 total population, 1,833 males, 1,702 females, 1,022 married persons, 552 families, 511 married females, 511 married males, 108 widowed persons, 69 widowed females, 39 widowed males. (Source: 1881 Census of Canada, V1T1.)
Age structure (1881). This community's record includes 2,405 single persons under 18, 1,283 single males under 18, 1,122 single females under 18. (Source: 1881 Census of Canada, V1T1.)
Buildings & housing (1881). This community's record includes 552 inhabited houses, 552 occupied houses, 84 uninhabited houses, 14 houses under construction. (Source: 1881 Census of Canada, V1T1.)
Agriculture (1881). This community's record includes 118,715 bushels of oats, 53,064 bushels of potatoes, 33,434 bushels of turnips, 28,077 bushels of peas and beans, 23,252 bushels of other root crops, 12,766 bushels of spring wheat, 4,841 tons of hay, 4,502 acres of hay crops, 3,944 bushels of barley, 3,736 bushels of buckwheat, 3,563 bushels of corn, 1,742 bushels of winter wheat, 1,594 acres of wheat, 1,050 bushels of rye, 477 acres of potatoes, 172 bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed. (Source: 1881 Census of Canada, V3T24.)
Residents in 1881
The 1881 census residents page for this Census Subdivision lists 3,535 individuals enumerated here, with name, age, sex, religion, ethnic origin, birthplace, and occupation. Source: TCP/Dillon 1881 Canadian Census deposit at Borealis.
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON104003— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON143003— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: Q4210774
- Wikipedia (EN): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumberland,_Ontario
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1881 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Cumberland, Ontario (1881 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/cumberland-on104003-1881/.