Cumberland, Ontario (1881 census)
Cumberland was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1881 Census of Canada with a population of 3,535. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q4210774. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.425°N, 75.385°W.
Population
In 1881, Cumberland had a population of 3,535: 1,833 male and 1,702 female residents. Population density was 27.9 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 1,659 |
| 1861 | 2,609 |
| 1871 | 2,922 |
| 1881 | 3,535 |
| 1891 | 4,014 |
| 1901 | 4,198 |
| 1911 | 4,033 |
| 1921 | 4,163 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1881
In the 1881 census, Cumberland shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1881
The 1881 census recorded 67 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 5 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (12 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| FAM NO | 552 |
| Number of families | 552 |
| Number of females | 1,702 |
| Number of males | 1,833 |
| Number of married females | 511 |
| Number of married males | 511 |
| Number of married persons | 1,022 |
| Number of widowed females | 69 |
| Number of widowed males | 39 |
| Number of widowed persons | 108 |
| POP TOT | 3,535 |
| Total population | 3,535 |
Age structure (3 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of single females under 18 | 1,122 |
| Number of single males under 18 | 1,283 |
| Number of single persons under 18 | 2,405 |
Buildings & housing (4 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of houses under construction | 14 |
| Number of inhabited houses | 552 |
| Number of occupied houses | 552 |
| Number of uninhabited houses | 84 |
Agriculture (29 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of hay crops | 4,502 |
| Acres of potatoes | 477 |
| Acres of wheat | 1,594 |
| BAR BU | 3,944 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 3,944 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 3,736 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 172 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 3,563 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 118,715 |
| Bushels of other root crops produced in the past year | 23,252 |
| Bushels of peas and beans produced in the past year | 28,077 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 53,064 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 1,050 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 12,766 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 33,434 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 1,742 |
| BWT BU | 3,736 |
| CRN BU | 3,563 |
| HAY AC | 4,502 |
| HAY TONS | 4,841 |
| OAT BU | 118,715 |
| PEA AND BEN BU | 28,077 |
| POT AC | 477 |
| POT BU | 53,064 |
| RYE BU | 1,050 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 4,841 |
| WHT AC | 1,594 |
| WHT SP BU | 12,766 |
| WHT WTR BU | 1,742 |
Other recorded variables (19 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| C UNMD F | 1,122 |
| C UNMD M | 1,283 |
| C UNMD TOT | 2,405 |
| D OCC | 552 |
| FEMALE | 1,702 |
| GRA BU | 172 |
| H CON | 14 |
| H INHAB | 552 |
| H UNINH | 84 |
| MALE | 1,833 |
| MD F | 511 |
| MD M | 511 |
| MD TOT | 1,022 |
| NUMBER CD | 104 |
| OTHR ROOT BU | 23,252 |
| TUR BU | 33,434 |
| WID F | 69 |
| WID M | 39 |
| WID TOT | 108 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON104003— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON143003— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: Q4210774
- Wikipedia (EN): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumberland,_Ontario
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1881 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Cumberland, Ontario (1881 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/cumberland-on104003-1881/.